Journal: Alzheimer's Research & Therapy
Article Title: ISX9 activates the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and exerts neuroprotective effects in Alzheimer’s disease
doi: 10.1186/s13195-026-01961-5
Figure Lengend Snippet: ISX9 activates the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in mouse hippocampal neuronal HT22 cells. ( A ) The SuperTOPFlash reporter gene was transfected into HT22 cells, and the cells were treated with solvent control (DMSO) and gradient concentrations of ISX9 (2.5-40 μM) for 24 h. Subsequently, the cells were lysed, and the fluorescence intensity was detected and normalized based on the value of the β-gal. ( B ) HT22 cells were treated with control and gradient concentrations of ISX9 (2.5-40 μM) for 24 h. The expression levels of endogenous β-catenin and activated β-catenin proteins were detected by Western blot. Quantitative analysis was performed by ImageJ and normalized relative to GAPDH values, and results were presented on the right. ( C ) HT22 cells were treated with control and 20 μM ISX9 for 24 h, respectively, followed by precipitation of cell lysates with an anti-AXIN1 antibody. The interaction of AXIN1 with LRP6 or β-catenin was detected by immunoblotting. ( D ) HT22 cells were treated with control or gradient concentrations of ISX9 (2.5-20 μM) for 24 h, respectively. After cell lysis, total RNA was extracted, and cDNA was obtained by reverse transcription. RT-qPCR was performed to detect the mRNA expression levels of Wnt target genes NOTUM, AXIN2 and SURVIVIN. The data shown are the mean ± SD (n = 3). Statistical significance was tested by one-way ANOVA followed by the Tukey test. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, and *** p < 0.001 indicated that there was a significant difference compared with the control group
Article Snippet: Equal amounts of proteins were separated by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and transferred to polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) membranes for immunoblotting with the following antibodies: anti-β-catenin (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Cat#sc-7963), anti-active β-catenin (Cell Signaling Technology, Cat#8814), anti-GAPDH (Transgen Biotech, Cat#HC301), anti-APP (Proteintech, Cat#27320-1-AP), anti-BACE1 (Proteintech, Cat#12807-1-AP), anti-Aβ (Proteintech, Cat#25524-1-AP), anti-Tau (Proteintech, Cat#10274-1-AP), anti-Phospho-Tau (S404) (Proteintech, Cat#81383-1-RR), anti-ZO-1 (Cell Signaling Technology, Cat#5406), anti-OCCLUDIN (Proteintech, Cat#5506), anti-GLUT1 (Proteintech, Cat#21829-1-AP), anti-LGR5 (Abcam, Cat#ab75732), and anti-SOX2 (Cell Signaling Technology, Cat#23064).
Techniques: Transfection, Solvent, Control, Fluorescence, Expressing, Western Blot, Lysis, Reverse Transcription, Quantitative RT-PCR